Advanced Placement (AP) Human Geography Practice Exam

What characterizes less-developed countries (LDCs)?

1. They are fully industrialized nations.

2. They are countries in search of economic improvement.

3. They have a stable and high standard of living.

4. They have a dominant service sector.

The correct answer is: They are countries in search of economic improvement.

Less-developed countries (LDCs) are often characterized by their ongoing struggle for economic development and improvement. These nations typically face significant challenges such as lower income levels, higher rates of poverty, inadequate infrastructure, and limited access to education and healthcare. The search for economic improvement reflects the various strategies these countries might implement to enhance their economic standing, attract foreign investment, and improve overall living conditions for their populations. In contrast, fully industrialized nations represent a different stage of development, as they have moved beyond the challenges faced by LDCs. A stable and high standard of living is indicative of more developed countries, which enjoy better economic conditions, social services, and general quality of life. Lastly, a dominant service sector is characteristic of developed nations, where economies rely heavily on services rather than agriculture or manufacturing, which are often more prevalent in LDCs. Thus, the defining feature of LDCs is their pursuit of economic improvement in the face of various developmental challenges.