Advanced Placement (AP) Human Geography Practice Exam

What is referred to as the first effective settlement in a new area?

1. Charter group

2. Nomadic tribe

3. Colonial settlement

4. Transient population

The correct answer is: Charter group

The term that best describes the first effective settlement in a new area is "charter group." A charter group usually refers to the initial settlers who establish a community, laying the foundation for future inhabitants. These groups often have cultural, social, and political influences that shape the development of the area, establishing norms, practices, and governance that will influence subsequent populations. In contrast, a nomadic tribe typically refers to groups that move from place to place rather than establishing lasting settlements. Colonial settlements, while they can be effective, often imply a later stage in the colonization process, when more formal and established communities arise, often influenced by a charter group. A transient population denotes groups that move through an area temporarily, without the intention of settling long-term or creating an enduring community.