Advanced Placement (AP) Human Geography Practice Exam

What is the dependency ratio?

1. A measure of economic productivity

2. The ratio of people under age 15 and over age 65 to those ages 15 to 65

3. The percentage of retired individuals in a population

4. A survey of employment rates

The correct answer is: The ratio of people under age 15 and over age 65 to those ages 15 to 65

The dependency ratio is defined as the ratio of the sum of the population that is typically considered dependent — specifically, those under the age of 15 and those over the age of 65 — to the working-age population, which ranges from ages 15 to 65. This measure helps to assess the pressure on the productive population to support those who are not of working age, indicating potential economic dependencies within a society. It highlights the demographic structure of a population and provides insights into the challenges a society might face in providing for its dependent members, such as healthcare and social security needs. Understanding this ratio is crucial for policymakers and economists as it impacts labor market dynamics, social services, and economic planning.