Advanced Placement (AP) Human Geography Practice Exam

Which characteristic defines a compact state?

1. An elongated shape leading to various geographical challenges

2. A shape that is generally circular, allowing for easier governance

3. A state that has multiple distinct regions with varying cultures

4. A state with irregular boundaries leading to internal conflicts

The correct answer is: A shape that is generally circular, allowing for easier governance

A compact state is defined by having a shape that is generally circular or oval, which tends to make governance and administration more efficient. This characteristic allows the government to effectively reach all areas of the state without extensive travel or logistical challenges that can arise with more irregularly shaped territories. The compact nature often results in a state where resources, infrastructure, and services can be provided more uniformly, promoting better communication and transport throughout the region. This design minimizes the distance between central areas and the periphery, which is critical for effective governance and reduces the challenges associated with transportation and resource distribution. Consequently, compact states typically experience fewer internal conflicts related to governance compared to those with more fragmented or elongated shapes.