Advanced Placement (AP) Human Geography Practice Exam

Which revolution signifies the beginning of a sedentary society through agricultural practices?

1. Second Agricultural Revolution

2. First Agricultural Revolution

3. Green Revolution

4. Neolithic Revolution

The correct answer is: First Agricultural Revolution

The First Agricultural Revolution, often referred to as the Neolithic Revolution, marks a significant turning point in human history where societies transitioned from nomadic lifestyles based on hunting and gathering to settled agricultural practices. This shift enabled humans to domesticate plants and animals, leading to the establishment of permanent settlements. The development of agriculture allowed for a more stable food supply, which consequently supported population growth and the creation of complex societies. Settled agricultural life facilitated the development of social structures, economic systems, and ultimately the rise of cities and civilizations. The First Agricultural Revolution is therefore key in understanding the foundations of modern human society, as it set the stage for innovations and cultural developments that followed. In contrast, the Second Agricultural Revolution refers to advancements in farming techniques and technologies later in history, while the Green Revolution focuses on the increase in agricultural production through high-yield varieties and improvements in crop management in the 20th century. Although these revolutions significantly impacted agricultural practices, the First Agricultural Revolution is the pivotal event that initiated sedentary societies.