Which term describes the initial settlers who form a lasting culture in a new area?

The term that best describes the initial settlers who establish a lasting culture in a new area is "charter group." A charter group typically refers to the first major group of settlers in a region who have a significant influence on the cultural landscape, social structures, and cultural norms of that area. These groups often lay the foundation for future development and social dynamics, shaping the identity of the location through their customs, traditions, and governance structures.

In this context, nomads, while they may have significant cultural practices, do not settle permanently and therefore do not form a lasting culture in a specific area. Indigenous people refer to the original inhabitants of a region who might have established cultures before others arrived, but the term is broader and doesn’t specifically indicate the initial settlers in a new area. A settler community could also imply later arrivals who may blend with or build upon the existing culture rather than being the founding members who create the initial cultural framework. Therefore, "charter group" is the most accurate descriptor for those initial settlers who establish a enduring culture.